内容简介
《语言学基础教程（第 二版）》包括语言与语言学、语音学与音位学、形态学、句法学、语义学、语用学、语篇分析、历史语言学、文体学、社会语言学、跨文化交际、心理语言学、认知语言学、应用语言学等十四章。该书在传授基本知识与概念的同时，通过丰富的实例提供了有关语言分析和描述的基本方法，并强调语言学与其他学科的联系，以便适应创新型人才培养的需要。在修订过程中，除了修改了语言表达方面的细节问题，重点对第六章、第七章和第十三章的内容做了修订。第六章主要增加了对理论的解释，以帮助学生更好地把握语用学的理论。第七章增加了批评话语分析的内容，以反映语篇分析的发展和前沿。第十三章增加了“语法化和词汇化”一节，目的使学生了解语法化和词汇化及其背后的认知机制。为使学生巩固所学知识并进一步学习有关知识，拓展语言学学习和研究的空间，每章增加了“深入阅读”（further reading）书单。其他方面的修订就不一一介绍了，希望修订版的《语言学基础教程》能以全新的面目出现在大家的面前，更好地满足广大的语言学教师、学习者和爱好者的需要。我们真诚地期待读者的鼓励和反馈，希望《语言学基础教程》在大家的帮助下不断成长。
目录
CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Language and Linguistics
1.1 What is Language
1.2 The Design Features of Language
1.3 The Origin of Language
1.4 What is Linguistics
1.5 The Scope of Linguistics
1.6 A Brief History of Linguistics
Chapter 2 Phonetics and Phonology: The Sounds and Sound Patterns of Language
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Phonetics
2.3 Phonology
2.4 Summary
Chapter 3 Morphology: The Word Structure of Language
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Words of Language
3.3 The Structure of Words
3.4 Morpheme, Morph and Allomorph
3.5 Classification of Morphemes
3.6 Word Formation Processes
3.7 Summary
Chapter 4 Syntax: The Sentence Structure of Language
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sentence Structure
4.3 The Traditional Approach
4.4 The Structural Approach
4.5 The Transformationalgenerative Approach
4.6 The Functional Approach
4.7 Summary
Chapter 5 Semantics: The Meaning of Language
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Approaches to Meaning
5.3 Sense and Reference
5.4 Word Meaning
5.5 Sentence Meaning
5.6 Ambiguity
5.7 Semantic Analysis
Chapter 6 Pragmatics: The Use of Language in Context
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Pragmatics as a New Branch of Linguistics
6.3 Speech Act Theory
6.4 Theory of Conversational Implicature
6.5 Politeness Principle
6.6 Summary
Chapter 7 Discourse Analysis: Language Above the Sentence
7.1 Introduction
7.2 What is Discourse Analysis
7.3 Cohesion
7.4 Coherence
7.5 The Structure of Discourse
7.6 Critical Discourse Analysis
7.7 Conclusion
Chapter 8 Historical Linguistics: Language through Time
8.1 Introduction
8.2 When Language Changes
8.3 How Language Changes
8.4 Why Language Changes
8.5 Summary
Chapter 9 Stylistics: Language and Literature
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Important Views on Style
9.3 Stylistic Analysis
Chapter 10 Sociolinguistics: Language and Society
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The Relations Between Language and Society
10.3 Speech Community and Speech Variety
10.4 Dialect
10.5 Register
10.6 Language Contact and Contact Languages
10.7 Choosing a Code
Chapter 11Intercultural Communication: Language and Culture
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Definitions of Culture
11.3 The Relationship Between Language and Culture
11.4 Naming the World Through Language
11.5 Communicative Patterns Across Cultures
11.6 Language and Thought: SapirWhorf Hypothesis
11.7 Intercultural Communication
11.8 Summary
Chapter 12 Psycholinguistics: Language and Psychology
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Language and the Brain: The Biological Foundations of Language
12.3 Language Comprehension
12.4 Language Production
12.5 Language Acquisition
Chapter 13 Cognitive Linguistics: Language and Cognition
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Categories and Categorization
13.3 Conceptual Metaphors
13.4 Conceptual Metonymies
13.5 Image Schemas
13.6 Iconicity
13.7 Grammaticalization and Lexicalization
Chapter 14 Applied Linguistics: Language Teaching and Learning
14.1 Introduction
14.2 How is Language Learned?
14.3 Individual Differences in Language Learning
14.4 Approaches and Methods in Foreign Language Teaching
14.5 Language Testing
References
Glossary
